Chapter IX · Archives and research
For students,
journalists, historians
Primary sources first: the photographs, the speeches, the inquiries and the institutions that hold the record.
Select any photograph to view it full size with its credit and source. Every image on this site is in the public domain or under an open licence.
Photograph collection
Speeches, letters and official documents
- Patrice Lumumba Archive Marxists Internet Archive
English texts of his speeches, letters and statements, 1960–61.
- Parliamentary inquiry, 2001 Belgian Chamber of Representatives
The commission of inquiry’s report (DOC 50 0312/006).
- Alleged Assassination Plots, 1975 US Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
The Church Committee’s interim report.
- FRUS 1958–1960, vol. XIV: Africa US Department of State, Office of the Historian
Diplomatic records of US policy in 1960.
- FRUS 1964–1968, vol. XXIII: Congo, 1960–1968 US Department of State, Office of the Historian
Declassified records of covert action from 1960.
- CIA Reading Room Central Intelligence Agency
Declassified documents released under FOIA.
The United Nations
- Security Council resolutions, 1960 United Nations
Resolutions 143, 145 and 146 on the Congo.
- ONUC: the UN Operation in the Congo UN Peacekeeping
Background, mandate and chronology, 1960–64.
- UN Archives search United Nations Archives and Records Management
ONUC and Secretary-General files.
Archives, museums and libraries
- AfricaMuseum Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren
Colonial-era collections, archives and maps of the Congo.
- State Archives of Belgium Archives de l’État / Rijksarchief
Including the archives of the former Ministry of Colonies.
- CegeSoma Belgian centre for 20th-century history
Research on Belgian society and the colonial past.
- Nationaal Archief National Archives of the Netherlands
The Anefo photo collection, including the 1960 Brussels photographs.
- Gallica Bibliothèque nationale de France
Digitised French newspapers covering 1960–1961.
- Maps of the Belgian Congo Library of Congress
Historical maps of the colony and the new republic.
Research and images
- Patrice Lumumba on Wikimedia Commons Wikimedia Commons
Freely licensed photographs, documents and newsreels.
- ‘Lumumba Seized’ newsreel, 1960 Internet Archive
Public-domain Universal Newsreel footage.
- Persée French open-access journals
Academic articles on the Congo, decolonisation and Lumumba.
- JSTOR Academic journal archive
Peer-reviewed research on the Congo Crisis.
